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Protocols.Doc
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1989-05-11
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Documentation for Protocols included with Music-X.
(But first a bit of editorializing).
The System Exclusive portion of the MIDI standard is a very difficult thing
to write programs for effectively. Each different instrument manufacturer,
and in fact most different instruments have vastly different system
exclusive message formats. It is hard to believe that such a straightforward
problem, that of transferring program and voice data over MIDI, could have
been implemented over 150 different ways! Yet this is exactly the case.
This is not really anybody's fault...at the time MIDI was created, few
people anticipated the role that personal computers and graphic editing
systems would play in the electronic music industry. So there were no
suggestions made, no guidelines set down for a "common" voice dump format.
Because of this, the Music-X librarian has to approach each instrument
slightly differently, and in many cases this causes the librarian to act
in a different way than the user would expect.
For example, some early instruments have no "Dump Request" (corresponding
to the Music-X "Initiate" message). This means that information can be
downloaded to the computer only via interactions with the synthesizer's
front panel.
Other instruments can send their data to the computer without human
intervention, but can only recieve data if front panel buttons are
pressed.
In both of the above cases, using the "All" option in the librarian
becomes unfeasable.
This document will attempt to describe the peculiarities of each of
the protocols provided on the program disk...
Casio/CZ-1000.Voices
Since the CZ-1000 has no "patch name" field, the entries, upon
receiving a patch, will be blank. You will need to type in the name
of the patch manually.
Roland/D-50.Voices
The current D-50 protocol reads from or writes to the
D-50's temporary area; you cannot transfer directly to/from permanent
internal memory. (To do so will require a completely different set of
messages, which can only be used in "Data Transfer" mode which must be
activated from the D-50's front panel.)
Before each "Normal" (non-PREVIEW) receive, the protocol sends a
Program Change message to load the D-50's temporary area with the sound
specified by the current Music-X program number setting).
After each patch is sent, if you wish to save that patch to permanent
memory, you will need to store it manually.
Roland/MT-32.Timbres
Firstly, the MT-32 fragments its sound data into different areas.
A "timbre" contains most of the data for a sound. There is also a
"patch" which contains a few extra parameters. Since Music-X's protocol
facility is not yet sophisticated enough to do both full handshaking
and download multiple different data messages in a single protocol,
we decided to support the area that had the most information--namely
timbres. (This does not prevent anyone from writing an additional
protocol for patches.)
Secondly, the MT-32 is "multi-timbral" and has 8 "preview areas",
one corresponding to each MT-32 MIDI input channel. When PREVIEW is on,
the timbres being used by each of the eight MT-32 channels may be accessed.
When PREVIEW is off, individual timbres may be accessed by their timbre
number (1-128).
Thirdly, the MT-32 uses a "Unit Number" in addition to channel numbers.
This protocol has been set to use the current Channel selection
in Music-X plus 16 as the Unit Number when PREVIEW is off. So, if your unit
is set to "Unit 17" (The default for MT-32) you should use Channel 1.
Yamaha/DX7.Voices
This DX7 protocol will only read from or write to the DX7's temporary
area, you cannot transfer directly to/from internal memory. (To do so
requires a completely different set of messages, which can only transfer
all 32 internal voices at once. This will require another protocol.)
Before each "Normal" (non-PREVIEW) receive, the protocol sends a
Program Change message to load the DX7's temporary area with the sound
specified by the current Music-X program number setting).
After each patch is sent, if you wish to save that patch to permanent
memory, you will need to store it manually.
Yamaha/DX100.Voices
This DX100 protocol will only read from or write to the DX100's temporary
area, you cannot transfer directly to/from internal memory. (To do so
requires a completely different set of messages, which can only transfer
all 32 internal voices at once. This will require another protocol.)
Before each "Normal" (non-PREVIEW) receive, the protocol sends a
Program Change message to load the DX100's temporary area with the sound
specified by the current Music-X program number setting).
After each patch is sent, if you wish to save that patch to permanent
memory, you will need to store it manually.
Yamaha/TX81Z
The current TX81Z protocol will only read to or write from the
TX81Z's temporary area, you cannot transfer directly to/from internal memory.
(To do so requires a completely different set of messages, which can only
transfer all 32 internal voices at once. This will require another protocol).
Before each "Normal" (non-PREVIEW) receive, the protocol sends a
Program Change message to load the TX81Z's temporary area with the sound
specified by the current Music-X program number setting).
After each patch is sent, if you wish to save that patch to permanent
memory, you will need to store it manually.